--- /dev/null
+// Backbone.js 0.9.1
+
+// (c) 2010-2012 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
+// Backbone may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
+// For all details and documentation:
+// http://backbonejs.org
+
+(function(){
+
+ // Initial Setup
+ // -------------
+
+ // Save a reference to the global object (`window` in the browser, `global`
+ // on the server).
+ var root = this;
+
+ // Save the previous value of the `Backbone` variable, so that it can be
+ // restored later on, if `noConflict` is used.
+ var previousBackbone = root.Backbone;
+
+ // Create a local reference to slice/splice.
+ var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
+ var splice = Array.prototype.splice;
+
+ // The top-level namespace. All public Backbone classes and modules will
+ // be attached to this. Exported for both CommonJS and the browser.
+ var Backbone;
+ if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
+ Backbone = exports;
+ } else {
+ Backbone = root.Backbone = {};
+ }
+
+ // Current version of the library. Keep in sync with `package.json`.
+ Backbone.VERSION = '0.9.1';
+
+ // Require Underscore, if we're on the server, and it's not already present.
+ var _ = root._;
+ if (!_ && (typeof require !== 'undefined')) _ = require('underscore');
+
+ // For Backbone's purposes, jQuery, Zepto, or Ender owns the `$` variable.
+ var $ = root.jQuery || root.Zepto || root.ender;
+
+ // Set the JavaScript library that will be used for DOM manipulation and
+ // Ajax calls (a.k.a. the `$` variable). By default Backbone will use: jQuery,
+ // Zepto, or Ender; but the `setDomLibrary()` method lets you inject an
+ // alternate JavaScript library (or a mock library for testing your views
+ // outside of a browser).
+ Backbone.setDomLibrary = function(lib) {
+ $ = lib;
+ };
+
+ // Runs Backbone.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `Backbone` variable
+ // to its previous owner. Returns a reference to this Backbone object.
+ Backbone.noConflict = function() {
+ root.Backbone = previousBackbone;
+ return this;
+ };
+
+ // Turn on `emulateHTTP` to support legacy HTTP servers. Setting this option
+ // will fake `"PUT"` and `"DELETE"` requests via the `_method` parameter and
+ // set a `X-Http-Method-Override` header.
+ Backbone.emulateHTTP = false;
+
+ // Turn on `emulateJSON` to support legacy servers that can't deal with direct
+ // `application/json` requests ... will encode the body as
+ // `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` instead and will send the model in a
+ // form param named `model`.
+ Backbone.emulateJSON = false;
+
+ // Backbone.Events
+ // -----------------
+
+ // A module that can be mixed in to *any object* in order to provide it with
+ // custom events. You may bind with `on` or remove with `off` callback functions
+ // to an event; trigger`-ing an event fires all callbacks in succession.
+ //
+ // var object = {};
+ // _.extend(object, Backbone.Events);
+ // object.on('expand', function(){ alert('expanded'); });
+ // object.trigger('expand');
+ //
+ Backbone.Events = {
+
+ // Bind an event, specified by a string name, `ev`, to a `callback`
+ // function. Passing `"all"` will bind the callback to all events fired.
+ on: function(events, callback, context) {
+ var ev;
+ events = events.split(/\s+/);
+ var calls = this._callbacks || (this._callbacks = {});
+ while (ev = events.shift()) {
+ // Create an immutable callback list, allowing traversal during
+ // modification. The tail is an empty object that will always be used
+ // as the next node.
+ var list = calls[ev] || (calls[ev] = {});
+ var tail = list.tail || (list.tail = list.next = {});
+ tail.callback = callback;
+ tail.context = context;
+ list.tail = tail.next = {};
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Remove one or many callbacks. If `context` is null, removes all callbacks
+ // with that function. If `callback` is null, removes all callbacks for the
+ // event. If `ev` is null, removes all bound callbacks for all events.
+ off: function(events, callback, context) {
+ var ev, calls, node;
+ if (!events) {
+ delete this._callbacks;
+ } else if (calls = this._callbacks) {
+ events = events.split(/\s+/);
+ while (ev = events.shift()) {
+ node = calls[ev];
+ delete calls[ev];
+ if (!callback || !node) continue;
+ // Create a new list, omitting the indicated event/context pairs.
+ while ((node = node.next) && node.next) {
+ if (node.callback === callback &&
+ (!context || node.context === context)) continue;
+ this.on(ev, node.callback, node.context);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Trigger an event, firing all bound callbacks. Callbacks are passed the
+ // same arguments as `trigger` is, apart from the event name.
+ // Listening for `"all"` passes the true event name as the first argument.
+ trigger: function(events) {
+ var event, node, calls, tail, args, all, rest;
+ if (!(calls = this._callbacks)) return this;
+ all = calls['all'];
+ (events = events.split(/\s+/)).push(null);
+ // Save references to the current heads & tails.
+ while (event = events.shift()) {
+ if (all) events.push({next: all.next, tail: all.tail, event: event});
+ if (!(node = calls[event])) continue;
+ events.push({next: node.next, tail: node.tail});
+ }
+ // Traverse each list, stopping when the saved tail is reached.
+ rest = slice.call(arguments, 1);
+ while (node = events.pop()) {
+ tail = node.tail;
+ args = node.event ? [node.event].concat(rest) : rest;
+ while ((node = node.next) !== tail) {
+ node.callback.apply(node.context || this, args);
+ }
+ }
+ return this;
+ }
+
+ };
+
+ // Aliases for backwards compatibility.
+ Backbone.Events.bind = Backbone.Events.on;
+ Backbone.Events.unbind = Backbone.Events.off;
+
+ // Backbone.Model
+ // --------------
+
+ // Create a new model, with defined attributes. A client id (`cid`)
+ // is automatically generated and assigned for you.
+ Backbone.Model = function(attributes, options) {
+ var defaults;
+ attributes || (attributes = {});
+ if (options && options.parse) attributes = this.parse(attributes);
+ if (defaults = getValue(this, 'defaults')) {
+ attributes = _.extend({}, defaults, attributes);
+ }
+ if (options && options.collection) this.collection = options.collection;
+ this.attributes = {};
+ this._escapedAttributes = {};
+ this.cid = _.uniqueId('c');
+ if (!this.set(attributes, {silent: true})) {
+ throw new Error("Can't create an invalid model");
+ }
+ delete this._changed;
+ this._previousAttributes = _.clone(this.attributes);
+ this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
+ };
+
+ // Attach all inheritable methods to the Model prototype.
+ _.extend(Backbone.Model.prototype, Backbone.Events, {
+
+ // The default name for the JSON `id` attribute is `"id"`. MongoDB and
+ // CouchDB users may want to set this to `"_id"`.
+ idAttribute: 'id',
+
+ // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
+ // initialization logic.
+ initialize: function(){},
+
+ // Return a copy of the model's `attributes` object.
+ toJSON: function() {
+ return _.clone(this.attributes);
+ },
+
+ // Get the value of an attribute.
+ get: function(attr) {
+ return this.attributes[attr];
+ },
+
+ // Get the HTML-escaped value of an attribute.
+ escape: function(attr) {
+ var html;
+ if (html = this._escapedAttributes[attr]) return html;
+ var val = this.attributes[attr];
+ return this._escapedAttributes[attr] = _.escape(val == null ? '' : '' + val);
+ },
+
+ // Returns `true` if the attribute contains a value that is not null
+ // or undefined.
+ has: function(attr) {
+ return this.attributes[attr] != null;
+ },
+
+ // Set a hash of model attributes on the object, firing `"change"` unless
+ // you choose to silence it.
+ set: function(key, value, options) {
+ var attrs, attr, val;
+ if (_.isObject(key) || key == null) {
+ attrs = key;
+ options = value;
+ } else {
+ attrs = {};
+ attrs[key] = value;
+ }
+
+ // Extract attributes and options.
+ options || (options = {});
+ if (!attrs) return this;
+ if (attrs instanceof Backbone.Model) attrs = attrs.attributes;
+ if (options.unset) for (attr in attrs) attrs[attr] = void 0;
+
+ // Run validation.
+ if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) return false;
+
+ // Check for changes of `id`.
+ if (this.idAttribute in attrs) this.id = attrs[this.idAttribute];
+
+ var now = this.attributes;
+ var escaped = this._escapedAttributes;
+ var prev = this._previousAttributes || {};
+ var alreadySetting = this._setting;
+ this._changed || (this._changed = {});
+ this._setting = true;
+
+ // Update attributes.
+ for (attr in attrs) {
+ val = attrs[attr];
+ if (!_.isEqual(now[attr], val)) delete escaped[attr];
+ options.unset ? delete now[attr] : now[attr] = val;
+ if (this._changing && !_.isEqual(this._changed[attr], val)) {
+ this.trigger('change:' + attr, this, val, options);
+ this._moreChanges = true;
+ }
+ delete this._changed[attr];
+ if (!_.isEqual(prev[attr], val) || (_.has(now, attr) != _.has(prev, attr))) {
+ this._changed[attr] = val;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Fire the `"change"` events, if the model has been changed.
+ if (!alreadySetting) {
+ if (!options.silent && this.hasChanged()) this.change(options);
+ this._setting = false;
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Remove an attribute from the model, firing `"change"` unless you choose
+ // to silence it. `unset` is a noop if the attribute doesn't exist.
+ unset: function(attr, options) {
+ (options || (options = {})).unset = true;
+ return this.set(attr, null, options);
+ },
+
+ // Clear all attributes on the model, firing `"change"` unless you choose
+ // to silence it.
+ clear: function(options) {
+ (options || (options = {})).unset = true;
+ return this.set(_.clone(this.attributes), options);
+ },
+
+ // Fetch the model from the server. If the server's representation of the
+ // model differs from its current attributes, they will be overriden,
+ // triggering a `"change"` event.
+ fetch: function(options) {
+ options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+ var model = this;
+ var success = options.success;
+ options.success = function(resp, status, xhr) {
+ if (!model.set(model.parse(resp, xhr), options)) return false;
+ if (success) success(model, resp);
+ };
+ options.error = Backbone.wrapError(options.error, model, options);
+ return (this.sync || Backbone.sync).call(this, 'read', this, options);
+ },
+
+ // Set a hash of model attributes, and sync the model to the server.
+ // If the server returns an attributes hash that differs, the model's
+ // state will be `set` again.
+ save: function(key, value, options) {
+ var attrs, current;
+ if (_.isObject(key) || key == null) {
+ attrs = key;
+ options = value;
+ } else {
+ attrs = {};
+ attrs[key] = value;
+ }
+
+ options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+ if (options.wait) current = _.clone(this.attributes);
+ var silentOptions = _.extend({}, options, {silent: true});
+ if (attrs && !this.set(attrs, options.wait ? silentOptions : options)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ var model = this;
+ var success = options.success;
+ options.success = function(resp, status, xhr) {
+ var serverAttrs = model.parse(resp, xhr);
+ if (options.wait) serverAttrs = _.extend(attrs || {}, serverAttrs);
+ if (!model.set(serverAttrs, options)) return false;
+ if (success) {
+ success(model, resp);
+ } else {
+ model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
+ }
+ };
+ options.error = Backbone.wrapError(options.error, model, options);
+ var method = this.isNew() ? 'create' : 'update';
+ var xhr = (this.sync || Backbone.sync).call(this, method, this, options);
+ if (options.wait) this.set(current, silentOptions);
+ return xhr;
+ },
+
+ // Destroy this model on the server if it was already persisted.
+ // Optimistically removes the model from its collection, if it has one.
+ // If `wait: true` is passed, waits for the server to respond before removal.
+ destroy: function(options) {
+ options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+ var model = this;
+ var success = options.success;
+
+ var triggerDestroy = function() {
+ model.trigger('destroy', model, model.collection, options);
+ };
+
+ if (this.isNew()) return triggerDestroy();
+ options.success = function(resp) {
+ if (options.wait) triggerDestroy();
+ if (success) {
+ success(model, resp);
+ } else {
+ model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
+ }
+ };
+ options.error = Backbone.wrapError(options.error, model, options);
+ var xhr = (this.sync || Backbone.sync).call(this, 'delete', this, options);
+ if (!options.wait) triggerDestroy();
+ return xhr;
+ },
+
+ // Default URL for the model's representation on the server -- if you're
+ // using Backbone's restful methods, override this to change the endpoint
+ // that will be called.
+ url: function() {
+ var base = getValue(this.collection, 'url') || getValue(this, 'urlRoot') || urlError();
+ if (this.isNew()) return base;
+ return base + (base.charAt(base.length - 1) == '/' ? '' : '/') + encodeURIComponent(this.id);
+ },
+
+ // **parse** converts a response into the hash of attributes to be `set` on
+ // the model. The default implementation is just to pass the response along.
+ parse: function(resp, xhr) {
+ return resp;
+ },
+
+ // Create a new model with identical attributes to this one.
+ clone: function() {
+ return new this.constructor(this.attributes);
+ },
+
+ // A model is new if it has never been saved to the server, and lacks an id.
+ isNew: function() {
+ return this.id == null;
+ },
+
+ // Call this method to manually fire a `"change"` event for this model and
+ // a `"change:attribute"` event for each changed attribute.
+ // Calling this will cause all objects observing the model to update.
+ change: function(options) {
+ if (this._changing || !this.hasChanged()) return this;
+ this._changing = true;
+ this._moreChanges = true;
+ for (var attr in this._changed) {
+ this.trigger('change:' + attr, this, this._changed[attr], options);
+ }
+ while (this._moreChanges) {
+ this._moreChanges = false;
+ this.trigger('change', this, options);
+ }
+ this._previousAttributes = _.clone(this.attributes);
+ delete this._changed;
+ this._changing = false;
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Determine if the model has changed since the last `"change"` event.
+ // If you specify an attribute name, determine if that attribute has changed.
+ hasChanged: function(attr) {
+ if (!arguments.length) return !_.isEmpty(this._changed);
+ return this._changed && _.has(this._changed, attr);
+ },
+
+ // Return an object containing all the attributes that have changed, or
+ // false if there are no changed attributes. Useful for determining what
+ // parts of a view need to be updated and/or what attributes need to be
+ // persisted to the server. Unset attributes will be set to undefined.
+ // You can also pass an attributes object to diff against the model,
+ // determining if there *would be* a change.
+ changedAttributes: function(diff) {
+ if (!diff) return this.hasChanged() ? _.clone(this._changed) : false;
+ var val, changed = false, old = this._previousAttributes;
+ for (var attr in diff) {
+ if (_.isEqual(old[attr], (val = diff[attr]))) continue;
+ (changed || (changed = {}))[attr] = val;
+ }
+ return changed;
+ },
+
+ // Get the previous value of an attribute, recorded at the time the last
+ // `"change"` event was fired.
+ previous: function(attr) {
+ if (!arguments.length || !this._previousAttributes) return null;
+ return this._previousAttributes[attr];
+ },
+
+ // Get all of the attributes of the model at the time of the previous
+ // `"change"` event.
+ previousAttributes: function() {
+ return _.clone(this._previousAttributes);
+ },
+
+ // Check if the model is currently in a valid state. It's only possible to
+ // get into an *invalid* state if you're using silent changes.
+ isValid: function() {
+ return !this.validate(this.attributes);
+ },
+
+ // Run validation against a set of incoming attributes, returning `true`
+ // if all is well. If a specific `error` callback has been passed,
+ // call that instead of firing the general `"error"` event.
+ _validate: function(attrs, options) {
+ if (options.silent || !this.validate) return true;
+ attrs = _.extend({}, this.attributes, attrs);
+ var error = this.validate(attrs, options);
+ if (!error) return true;
+ if (options && options.error) {
+ options.error(this, error, options);
+ } else {
+ this.trigger('error', this, error, options);
+ }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ });
+
+ // Backbone.Collection
+ // -------------------
+
+ // Provides a standard collection class for our sets of models, ordered
+ // or unordered. If a `comparator` is specified, the Collection will maintain
+ // its models in sort order, as they're added and removed.
+ Backbone.Collection = function(models, options) {
+ options || (options = {});
+ if (options.comparator) this.comparator = options.comparator;
+ this._reset();
+ this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
+ if (models) this.reset(models, {silent: true, parse: options.parse});
+ };
+
+ // Define the Collection's inheritable methods.
+ _.extend(Backbone.Collection.prototype, Backbone.Events, {
+
+ // The default model for a collection is just a **Backbone.Model**.
+ // This should be overridden in most cases.
+ model: Backbone.Model,
+
+ // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
+ // initialization logic.
+ initialize: function(){},
+
+ // The JSON representation of a Collection is an array of the
+ // models' attributes.
+ toJSON: function() {
+ return this.map(function(model){ return model.toJSON(); });
+ },
+
+ // Add a model, or list of models to the set. Pass **silent** to avoid
+ // firing the `add` event for every new model.
+ add: function(models, options) {
+ var i, index, length, model, cid, id, cids = {}, ids = {};
+ options || (options = {});
+ models = _.isArray(models) ? models.slice() : [models];
+
+ // Begin by turning bare objects into model references, and preventing
+ // invalid models or duplicate models from being added.
+ for (i = 0, length = models.length; i < length; i++) {
+ if (!(model = models[i] = this._prepareModel(models[i], options))) {
+ throw new Error("Can't add an invalid model to a collection");
+ }
+ if (cids[cid = model.cid] || this._byCid[cid] ||
+ (((id = model.id) != null) && (ids[id] || this._byId[id]))) {
+ throw new Error("Can't add the same model to a collection twice");
+ }
+ cids[cid] = ids[id] = model;
+ }
+
+ // Listen to added models' events, and index models for lookup by
+ // `id` and by `cid`.
+ for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+ (model = models[i]).on('all', this._onModelEvent, this);
+ this._byCid[model.cid] = model;
+ if (model.id != null) this._byId[model.id] = model;
+ }
+
+ // Insert models into the collection, re-sorting if needed, and triggering
+ // `add` events unless silenced.
+ this.length += length;
+ index = options.at != null ? options.at : this.models.length;
+ splice.apply(this.models, [index, 0].concat(models));
+ if (this.comparator) this.sort({silent: true});
+ if (options.silent) return this;
+ for (i = 0, length = this.models.length; i < length; i++) {
+ if (!cids[(model = this.models[i]).cid]) continue;
+ options.index = i;
+ model.trigger('add', model, this, options);
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Remove a model, or a list of models from the set. Pass silent to avoid
+ // firing the `remove` event for every model removed.
+ remove: function(models, options) {
+ var i, l, index, model;
+ options || (options = {});
+ models = _.isArray(models) ? models.slice() : [models];
+ for (i = 0, l = models.length; i < l; i++) {
+ model = this.getByCid(models[i]) || this.get(models[i]);
+ if (!model) continue;
+ delete this._byId[model.id];
+ delete this._byCid[model.cid];
+ index = this.indexOf(model);
+ this.models.splice(index, 1);
+ this.length--;
+ if (!options.silent) {
+ options.index = index;
+ model.trigger('remove', model, this, options);
+ }
+ this._removeReference(model);
+ }
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Get a model from the set by id.
+ get: function(id) {
+ if (id == null) return null;
+ return this._byId[id.id != null ? id.id : id];
+ },
+
+ // Get a model from the set by client id.
+ getByCid: function(cid) {
+ return cid && this._byCid[cid.cid || cid];
+ },
+
+ // Get the model at the given index.
+ at: function(index) {
+ return this.models[index];
+ },
+
+ // Force the collection to re-sort itself. You don't need to call this under
+ // normal circumstances, as the set will maintain sort order as each item
+ // is added.
+ sort: function(options) {
+ options || (options = {});
+ if (!this.comparator) throw new Error('Cannot sort a set without a comparator');
+ var boundComparator = _.bind(this.comparator, this);
+ if (this.comparator.length == 1) {
+ this.models = this.sortBy(boundComparator);
+ } else {
+ this.models.sort(boundComparator);
+ }
+ if (!options.silent) this.trigger('reset', this, options);
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Pluck an attribute from each model in the collection.
+ pluck: function(attr) {
+ return _.map(this.models, function(model){ return model.get(attr); });
+ },
+
+ // When you have more items than you want to add or remove individually,
+ // you can reset the entire set with a new list of models, without firing
+ // any `add` or `remove` events. Fires `reset` when finished.
+ reset: function(models, options) {
+ models || (models = []);
+ options || (options = {});
+ for (var i = 0, l = this.models.length; i < l; i++) {
+ this._removeReference(this.models[i]);
+ }
+ this._reset();
+ this.add(models, {silent: true, parse: options.parse});
+ if (!options.silent) this.trigger('reset', this, options);
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Fetch the default set of models for this collection, resetting the
+ // collection when they arrive. If `add: true` is passed, appends the
+ // models to the collection instead of resetting.
+ fetch: function(options) {
+ options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+ if (options.parse === undefined) options.parse = true;
+ var collection = this;
+ var success = options.success;
+ options.success = function(resp, status, xhr) {
+ collection[options.add ? 'add' : 'reset'](collection.parse(resp, xhr), options);
+ if (success) success(collection, resp);
+ };
+ options.error = Backbone.wrapError(options.error, collection, options);
+ return (this.sync || Backbone.sync).call(this, 'read', this, options);
+ },
+
+ // Create a new instance of a model in this collection. Add the model to the
+ // collection immediately, unless `wait: true` is passed, in which case we
+ // wait for the server to agree.
+ create: function(model, options) {
+ var coll = this;
+ options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
+ model = this._prepareModel(model, options);
+ if (!model) return false;
+ if (!options.wait) coll.add(model, options);
+ var success = options.success;
+ options.success = function(nextModel, resp, xhr) {
+ if (options.wait) coll.add(nextModel, options);
+ if (success) {
+ success(nextModel, resp);
+ } else {
+ nextModel.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
+ }
+ };
+ model.save(null, options);
+ return model;
+ },
+
+ // **parse** converts a response into a list of models to be added to the
+ // collection. The default implementation is just to pass it through.
+ parse: function(resp, xhr) {
+ return resp;
+ },
+
+ // Proxy to _'s chain. Can't be proxied the same way the rest of the
+ // underscore methods are proxied because it relies on the underscore
+ // constructor.
+ chain: function () {
+ return _(this.models).chain();
+ },
+
+ // Reset all internal state. Called when the collection is reset.
+ _reset: function(options) {
+ this.length = 0;
+ this.models = [];
+ this._byId = {};
+ this._byCid = {};
+ },
+
+ // Prepare a model or hash of attributes to be added to this collection.
+ _prepareModel: function(model, options) {
+ if (!(model instanceof Backbone.Model)) {
+ var attrs = model;
+ options.collection = this;
+ model = new this.model(attrs, options);
+ if (!model._validate(model.attributes, options)) model = false;
+ } else if (!model.collection) {
+ model.collection = this;
+ }
+ return model;
+ },
+
+ // Internal method to remove a model's ties to a collection.
+ _removeReference: function(model) {
+ if (this == model.collection) {
+ delete model.collection;
+ }
+ model.off('all', this._onModelEvent, this);
+ },
+
+ // Internal method called every time a model in the set fires an event.
+ // Sets need to update their indexes when models change ids. All other
+ // events simply proxy through. "add" and "remove" events that originate
+ // in other collections are ignored.
+ _onModelEvent: function(ev, model, collection, options) {
+ if ((ev == 'add' || ev == 'remove') && collection != this) return;
+ if (ev == 'destroy') {
+ this.remove(model, options);
+ }
+ if (model && ev === 'change:' + model.idAttribute) {
+ delete this._byId[model.previous(model.idAttribute)];
+ this._byId[model.id] = model;
+ }
+ this.trigger.apply(this, arguments);
+ }
+
+ });
+
+ // Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Collection.
+ var methods = ['forEach', 'each', 'map', 'reduce', 'reduceRight', 'find',
+ 'detect', 'filter', 'select', 'reject', 'every', 'all', 'some', 'any',
+ 'include', 'contains', 'invoke', 'max', 'min', 'sortBy', 'sortedIndex',
+ 'toArray', 'size', 'first', 'initial', 'rest', 'last', 'without', 'indexOf',
+ 'shuffle', 'lastIndexOf', 'isEmpty', 'groupBy'];
+
+ // Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to `Collection#models`.
+ _.each(methods, function(method) {
+ Backbone.Collection.prototype[method] = function() {
+ return _[method].apply(_, [this.models].concat(_.toArray(arguments)));
+ };
+ });
+
+ // Backbone.Router
+ // -------------------
+
+ // Routers map faux-URLs to actions, and fire events when routes are
+ // matched. Creating a new one sets its `routes` hash, if not set statically.
+ Backbone.Router = function(options) {
+ options || (options = {});
+ if (options.routes) this.routes = options.routes;
+ this._bindRoutes();
+ this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
+ };
+
+ // Cached regular expressions for matching named param parts and splatted
+ // parts of route strings.
+ var namedParam = /:\w+/g;
+ var splatParam = /\*\w+/g;
+ var escapeRegExp = /[-[\]{}()+?.,\\^$|#\s]/g;
+
+ // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.Router** properties and methods.
+ _.extend(Backbone.Router.prototype, Backbone.Events, {
+
+ // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
+ // initialization logic.
+ initialize: function(){},
+
+ // Manually bind a single named route to a callback. For example:
+ //
+ // this.route('search/:query/p:num', 'search', function(query, num) {
+ // ...
+ // });
+ //
+ route: function(route, name, callback) {
+ Backbone.history || (Backbone.history = new Backbone.History);
+ if (!_.isRegExp(route)) route = this._routeToRegExp(route);
+ if (!callback) callback = this[name];
+ Backbone.history.route(route, _.bind(function(fragment) {
+ var args = this._extractParameters(route, fragment);
+ callback && callback.apply(this, args);
+ this.trigger.apply(this, ['route:' + name].concat(args));
+ Backbone.history.trigger('route', this, name, args);
+ }, this));
+ return this;
+ },
+
+ // Simple proxy to `Backbone.history` to save a fragment into the history.
+ navigate: function(fragment, options) {
+ Backbone.history.navigate(fragment, options);
+ },
+
+ // Bind all defined routes to `Backbone.history`. We have to reverse the
+ // order of the routes here to support behavior where the most general
+ // routes can be defined at the bottom of the route map.
+ _bindRoutes: function() {
+ if (!this.routes) return;
+ var routes = [];
+ for (var route in this.routes) {
+ routes.unshift([route, this.routes[route]]);
+ }
+ for (var i = 0, l = routes.length; i < l; i++) {
+ this.route(routes[i][0], routes[i][1], this[routes[i][1]]);
+ }
+ },
+
+ // Convert a route string into a regular expression, suitable for matching
+ // against the current location hash.
+ _routeToRegExp: function(route) {
+ route = route.replace(escapeRegExp, '\\$&')
+ .replace(namedParam, '([^\/]+)')
+ .replace(splatParam, '(.*?)');
+ return new RegExp('^' + route + '$');
+ },
+
+ // Given a route, and a URL fragment that it matches, return the array of
+ // extracted parameters.
+ _extractParameters: function(route, fragment) {
+ return route.exec(fragment).slice(1);
+ }
+
+ });
+
+ // Backbone.History
+ // ----------------
+
+ // Handles cross-browser history management, based on URL fragments. If the
+ // browser does not support `onhashchange`, falls back to polling.
+ Backbone.History = function() {
+ this.handlers = [];
+ _.bindAll(this, 'checkUrl');
+ };
+
+ // Cached regex for cleaning leading hashes and slashes .
+ var routeStripper = /^[#\/]/;
+
+ // Cached regex for detecting MSIE.
+ var isExplorer = /msie [\w.]+/;
+
+ // Has the history handling already been started?
+ var historyStarted = false;
+
+&nb